Khojand is the capital of northern Tadjikistan and the second largest city in the country. Its history dates back to ancient times where it is thought to have been founded by Alexander the Great as his easternmost outpost. Its location on the Silk Route at the entrance to the fertile Fergana Valley ensured that it enjoyed prosperity and richness. During the 19th century Khojand became the centre of rapid industrial development and the arrival of the railway allowed the city to become a centre of cultural life.

Among things to see are the citadel on the banks of the Syr Darya River that dates back to the Middle Ages, the lively Panjshanbe (Thursday) Bazaar and the Sheikh Musliddin Mosque and Madrassa. There are also quite a few traditional tea houses where you can sit and drink under beautifully painted frescoed ceilings