A palm oasis situated in a plain and surrounded by Oman’s highest mountains, Nizwa was the capital of Oman from 751 to 1154 AD and is still regarded as the country’s cultural centre. It was more or less off limits to western travelers until recently due to its religious conservatism, but these days it is a justifiably popular destination.

The town is known for its livestock market and the expertise of the local craftsmen who make the traditional Khanjars. These are curved daggers that are sharpened on both edges and carried in a sheath decorated in silver. A khanjar appears on the flag of Oman, as part of the country’s national emblem. There is also an interesting 17th century fort, built to guard the Sumail Gap during the struggle between the Sultan and the radical Imams, and famed for its 40m high round tower.